International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology
type: channel
description: International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology (IJMRAST) is an International Open Access, Peer-reviewed, Refereed, Multidisciplinary, Monthly Journal. As a multi-disciplinary journal, it covers a wide range of scientific disciplines, including but not limited to Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Agriculture, Computer Science, Engineering, Environmental Sciences, Mathematics, Hindi, English, Sanskrit, Geography, Economics, Psychology, History, Commerce and Management, Sociology, Education, Social Sciences and Applied Sciences. This diverse scope allows researchers from different disciplines to collaborate and contribute to the collective understanding of modern science and technology.
publisher: International Surya Publication
language: en
publication name: International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology
issn: 2584-0231
items: Edpuzzle: A Dynamic Tool for Pedagogical Practice
items: नई प्रौद्योगिकी का पत्रकारिता में अनुशीलन: हिमाचल प्रदेश के पत्रकारों पर आधारित सर्वेक्षणात्मक अध्ययन
items: Between Silence and Expression: Female Psyche in the Fictional World of Manju Kapur
items: Revisiting Interdisciplinarity in Geography: A Qualitative Study of the “Third Conversation” in Indian Higher Education
items: Mindfulness and Subjective Well-Being among Undergraduate Students in Balasore District of Odisha: A Correlational Study
items: शिक्षा का अधिकार अधिनियम 2009 के अंतर्गत गुणवत्तापूर्ण शिक्षा की उपलब्धता का अध्ययन
items: CONSTITUTIONAL FEDERALISM AND THE ABROGATION OF ARTICLE 370: A REVIEW OF JUDICIAL REASONING AND CONSTITUTIONAL MORALITY IN INDIA
items: Chamundeshwari and the Rule of Law: Mythology as a Framework for Modern Legal Justice in Karnataka
items: FROM COLONIAL PENAL CODE TO INDIGENOUS CRIMINAL JUSTICE: A DOCTRINAL REVIEW OF SUBSTANTIVE OFFENCES UNDER THE INDIAN PENAL CODE, 1860 AND THE BHARATIYA NYAYA SANHITA, 2023
items: विवेकी राय के उपन्यासों में सामन्ती जीवन मूल्यों के वर्चस्व का अध्ययन
items: प्राचीन भारत में गणराज्य
items: Teachers’ Perception towards Formative Assessment Practices at the Secondary Level in Mayurbhanj District: An Empirical Study
items: Effects of Domestic Violence on Trust, Emotional Regulation, and Commitment in Subsequent Romantic Relationships
items: Effect of Optimism and Gratitude Practices on Emotional Recovery After a Medical Crisis amongst adolescents
items: महाविद्यालयीय वातावरण के आधार पर शिक्षण प्रशिक्षुओं की शैक्षिक उपलब्धि एवं समायोजन का तुलनात्मक अध्ययन
items: माध्यमिक विद्यालयों के शिक्षकों के व्यक्तिगत मूल्यों का शैक्षिक दृष्टिकोण पर प्रभाव का अध्ययन
items: Challenging Patriarchal Misogyny: A Feminist Analysis of the Selected Works of Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie and Jamaica Kincaid
items: Challenges of Hindi-Medium Education in Private Schools
items: Assessment of Nonylphenol-Induced Endocrine Disruption in Carp (Cyprinidae): Biochemical, Histopathological and Molecular Investigations
items: Spatio-temporal Changes of Land Use Land Cover in Bolpur Municipality: A Study in Urban Geography
items: Diversity and Seasonal Fluctuation of Phytoplankton in Kot Dam, Jhunjhunu District, Rajasthan
items: ਜਰਨੈਲ ਸਿੰਘ ਦੀ ਸਵੈ-ਜੀਵਨੀ: ਜੀਵਨ ਸੰਘਰਸ਼ ਦੀ ਬਹੁ-ਪਰਤੀ ਗਾਥਾ
items: National Credit Framework (NCrF) 2023: A Transformative Approach for Integrating Academic, Vocational, and Experiential Learning in India
items: CONCEPTUAL UNDERPINNINGS OF INHERITANCE LAW: A DOCTRINAL REVIEW OF THE INDIAN SUCCESSION ACT, 1925
items: Parental Phubbing and its Effects on Adolescents: A Critical Analysis
items: Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Assessment of Andrographis paniculata in the Allium cepa Test
items: Cultural Sovereignty at the Margins: Indigenous Knowledge Systems in the Geo-Political Context of Arunachal Pradesh
items: गौहत्या प्रतिबंध कानून - भारतीय राजनीति के संदर्भ में
items: From Eudaimonia to Ātman: Human Being as the Embodiment of Innate Happiness
items: Bhama Shah: The Great Patriot and His Contribution to Maharana Pratap’s Resistance against Mughal Imperialism

Edpuzzle: A Dynamic Tool for Pedagogical Practice
type: item
description: Traditional in-person teaching and printed materials in education has replaced with technology-enhanced learning. Internet and different digital tools are started incorporating in education setting and particularly after the COVID-19 pandemic, online resources, digital platforms become essential components of modern pedagogic practices. NEP 2020 promotes this transition to foster student inclusivity, engagement and learning outcomes, by providing support to technology-enabled education and encouraging the use of virtual labs, digital materials, blended learning approaches and interactive platforms. Edpuzzle is a digital educational platform that allows teachers to make a video an interactive lesson by embedding quizzes, questions and notes while tracking responses and progress to make learning engaging and active. This paper explores the advantages of incorporating Edpuzzle as pedagogical tool in the classrooms; it also explores the challenges regarding the integration of Edpuzzle in classroom. For the present study, the investigator employed an exploratory approach to gather information or data from the existing research. To locate relevant articles, scholarly reports and conference papers the investigator has used academic databases such as Scopus, ERIC, Google Scholar and JSTOR etc. Findings indicate that while Edpuzzle supports active learning, critical thinking, and improved student performance, its adoption is hindered by issues such as limited access to technology and internet connectivity, time-intensive content preparation, the learning curve for teachers, and potential student resistance. The study further suggests measures to overcome these barriers in the discussion part.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Edpuzzle, Pedagogical Practice, Technology-Enhanced, Digital platforms.
  topic: keywords
creator: Urbashi Nandana Devi
creator: Prof. P.K. Acharya
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-30
publication date: 2026-03-30
starting page: 117
ending page: 122
doi: 10.61778/ijmrast.v4i3.238

नई प्रौद्योगिकी का पत्रकारिता में अनुशीलन: हिमाचल प्रदेश के पत्रकारों पर आधारित सर्वेक्षणात्मक अध्ययन
type: item
description: नई प्रौद्योगिकी की बात करें तो इसका प्रभाव प्रत्येक सामाजिक ताने बाने में पड़ता दिख रहा है। जाने अनजाने लगभग सभी लोग इस नई तकनीक का प्रयोग किसी ना किसी रूप में कर रहे हैं और सोशल मीडिया तथा स्मार्टफ़ोन का प्रयोग तो अब एक सामान्य बात है जो न्यू मीडिया के उपयोग की सबसे सरल और सुलभ माध्यम/टूल है। सोशल मीडिया, ब्लॉग, ह्वाट्सऐप, एआर/वीआर,एआई, ब्लॉकचेन और फ़िलहाल मेटावर्स और रोबोटिक्स का मीडिया में प्रयोग एक तीव्र गति के परिवर्तन का द्वोतक है। इन सभी तकनीकों में एआई का प्रयोग तेज़ी से बढ़ रहा है और आने वाले समय में एआई, मेटावर्स और रोबोटिक्स का प्रयोग समाज के हर क्षेत्र में बढ़ता हुआ दिख रहा है। पत्रकारिता में भी इस न्यू मीडिया का प्रयोग काफ़ी तेज़ी से बढ़ा है। विकसित देशों और भारत के मेट्रो सिटीज़ के पत्रकार न्यू मीडिया का प्रयोग बड़े पैमाने पर कर रहे हैं किंतु छोटे शहरों के पत्रकारों में न्यू मीडिया के प्रयोग को लेकर क्या रूख़ है और न्यू मीडिया युग में पत्रकारिता के भविष्य को लेकर क्या विचार हैं यह जानने का प्रयास इस शोध आलेख में किया गया है। प्रस्तुत अध्ययन का उद्देश यह जानने का प्रयास है कि हिमाचल प्रदेश के धर्मशाला शहर के पत्रकारों में न्यू मीडिया को लेकर किस प्रकार का अनुशीलन, विचार और व्यवहार है। यह अध्ययन पूर्ण रूप से अकादमिक है जिसके लिए 15 प्रश्नों की एक सर्वेक्षण प्रश्नावली गूगल फॉर्म पर तैयार कर धर्मशाला शहर में कार्यरत अलग अलग मीडिया हाउसेस के पत्रकारों से प्राप्त उत्तरों का विश्लेषण प्रस्तुत किया गया है।
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: न्यू मीडिया, नई प्रौद्योगिकी, पत्रकारिता, एआई, सोशल मीडिया, वेब 2.0
  topic: keywords
creator: पवन कुमार
creator: शिवम
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-04-12
publication date: 2026-04-12
starting page: 21
ending page: 32
doi: 10.61778/ijmrast.v4i4.258

Between Silence and Expression: Female Psyche in the Fictional World of Manju Kapur
type: item
description: This paper offers an expanded psychoanalytic–feminist reading of the female psyche in the novels of Manju Kapur, foregrounding the dialectic between silence and expression as a defining feature of women’s subjectivity. Kapur’s fiction stages women’s inner lives as sites of negotiation where desire, repression, guilt, and agency intersect under the pressure of patriarchal norms. By closely analyzing Difficult Daughters, A Married Woman, Home, and The Immigrant, Custody this study demonstrates how silence operates not merely as social imposition but as an internalized psychological condition that fractures identity. Conversely, expression emerges as a contested, often painful process of articulation that signals resistance and self-formation. The paper argues that Kapur’s protagonists move through phases of repression, fragmentation, and partial articulation toward moments of self-awareness and tentative autonomy. Ultimately, Kapur’s literary universe reveals the complexity of women’s psychological experiences, where voice is hard-won and identity remains fluid, negotiated, and incomplete.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Female psyche, silence, expression, repression, identity, psychoanalysis, feminism, Manju Kapur.
  topic: keywords
creator: Sandeep Kumar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-30
publication date: 2026-03-30
starting page: 111
ending page: 116
doi: 10.61778/ijmrast.v4i3.243

Revisiting Interdisciplinarity in Geography: A Qualitative Study of the “Third Conversation” in Indian Higher Education
type: item
description: Collaborative efforts between multiple disciplines have increased in importance when solving global challenges such as climate change, urbanization, pollution and environmental degradation, and social inequality. Geography, which includes both social sciences and natural sciences, is uniquely positioned among disciplines that allow interdisciplinary scholarship to occur. This paper presents a critical analysis of Simon and Graybill’s (2010) concept of the “third conversation,” which promotes normative evaluation of the interdisciplinary experience through reflexive processes. The author undertakes an in-depth qualitative analysis of the actual article to identify the conceptual framework, methodology, and findings. The findings of the analysis present several of geography’s strengths, including integrative methods and spatial relationships; however, barriers and ambiguities impair geographical communications. The relevance of the use of interdisciplinary ideas is supported by the recent release of the National Education Policy 2020 in India, yet there are still institutional and methodological barriers present. The author concludes that the “third conversation” is a remarkable model to propose better interdisciplinary collaboration through reflexive practice and communication.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Interdisciplinarity, Geography, Third Conversation, Reflexivity, Interdisciplinary Research. India.
  topic: keywords
creator: Kazirul SK
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-04-11
publication date: 2026-04-11
starting page: 1
ending page: 11
doi: 10.61778/ijmrast.v4i4.256

Mindfulness and Subjective Well-Being among Undergraduate Students in Balasore District of Odisha: A Correlational Study
type: item
description: Sustaining the mental health and well-being of students is the utmost priority in the 21st Century, while Mindfulness has been proven to be a crucial factor to enhance the mental health of individuals with psychological disorders. Still, there is a lack of Indian-specific studies that examined the association between mindfulness and the subjective well-being of students. The present study examined the relationship between mindfulness and the subjective well-being of the undergraduate students of the Balasore district of Odisha. 180 samples were selected randomly from the different degree colleges of Balasore district. A self-developed tool was used to assess the students' subjective well-being, and the Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire was used to examine students’ mindfulness. The study revealed that the undergraduate students of Balasore district exhibited an average level of mindfulness and subjective well-being, representing a moderate state of present moment awareness and life satisfaction among undergraduate students. It was also found that gender does not affect these psychological constructs, as no significant difference was found in mindfulness and subjective well-being among undergraduate students in terms of their gender. The study further revealed that there is a moderate to high level of positive correlation between mindfulness and subjective well-being, with a coefficient of correlation value of +0.63, indicating that a higher level of mindfulness is associated with a higher level of well-being among undergraduate students. The study suggests that integrating mindfulness into the curriculum may help in developing students' well-being and ensure better mental health.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Mindfulness, Subjective Well-being, Undergraduate Students, Mental Health
  topic: keywords
creator: Sanjay Das
creator: Prof. (Dr.) Amulya Kumar Acharya
creator: Jamuna Mohanty
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-04-12
publication date: 2026-04-12
starting page: 12
ending page: 20
doi: 10.61778/ijmrast.v4i4.254

शिक्षा का अधिकार अधिनियम 2009 के अंतर्गत गुणवत्तापूर्ण शिक्षा की उपलब्धता का अध्ययन
type: item
description: भारत में शिक्षा का अधिकार अधिनियम 2009 (आरटीई) ने 6 से 14 वर्ष आयु के सभी बच्चों को निःशुल्क एवं अनिवार्य प्रारंभिक शिक्षा का मौलिक अधिकार प्रदान किया। प्रस्तुत शोध पत्र का उद्देश्य इस अधिनियम के क्रियान्वयन के पश्चात् भारत में गुणवत्तापूर्ण शिक्षा की वास्तविक उपलब्धता का विश्लेषण करना है। शोध में यूडीआईएसई+ 2023-24, यूडीआईएसई+ 2024-25 तथा वार्षिक शिक्षा स्थिति रिपोर्ट (एएसईआर) 2024 जैसे प्रमाणित राष्ट्रीय आँकड़ों का उपयोग किया गया है। परिणामों से स्पष्ट होता है कि नामांकन दर में उल्लेखनीय वृद्धि हुई है, किंतु अधिगम परिणाम अभी भी चिंताजनक हैं। प्रारंभिक स्तर पर ड्रॉपआउट दर घटकर 2.3% हो गई है, परंतु माध्यमिक स्तर पर यह 8.2% बनी हुई है। कक्षा तीन के केवल 23.4% बच्चे कक्षा दो स्तर का पाठ पढ़ पाते हैं और कक्षा तीन के 33.7% बच्चे घटाव कर पाते हैं। विद्यालय अवसंरचना में सुधार हुआ है, परंतु डिजिटल सुविधाएँ अभी भी अपूर्ण हैं। यह अध्ययन निष्कर्ष देता है कि आरटीई अधिनियम ने शिक्षा तक पहुँच बढ़ाने में सफलता पाई है, लेकिन गुणवत्ता सुनिश्चित करना अभी एक प्रमुख चुनौती बनी हुई है।
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: शिक्षा का अधिकार अधिनियम, गुणवत्तापूर्ण शिक्षा, अधिगम परिणाम, सकल नामांकन अनुपात, ड्रॉपआउट दर।
  topic: keywords
creator: प्रभात कुमार रवि
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-30
publication date: 2026-03-30
starting page: 103
ending page: 110
doi: 10.61778/ijmrast.v4i3.253

CONSTITUTIONAL FEDERALISM AND THE ABROGATION OF ARTICLE 370: A REVIEW OF JUDICIAL REASONING AND CONSTITUTIONAL MORALITY IN INDIA
type: item
description: This paper looks into what happened with Article 370 which was part of the Constitution of India, and how its removal affects both the Constitution and the Federal Government's relationship to the States. Historically there has been an argument among scholars about what type of arrangements are appropriate to accommodate regional differences (asymmetric) within the overall framework of a comprehensive Constitution (syncretic). The removal of Article 370 from the Constitution of India in 2019 was a game changer in terms of our understanding of how we define and use a Constitution. Issues of consent, boundaries of power under our Constitution, and relationships between the Federal and state governments – all these are now very much open questions that were raised by the abrogation of Article 370. This research uses a systematic review and doctrinal approach that relies only on secondary sources. In order to assess the interplay between federal design, interpretative methodologies, and normative concepts in relation to the repeal of Article 370, it examines constitutional provisions, Constituent Assembly Debates, seminal court rulings, and freely available legal research. Constitutional ethics, responsibility, and federal justice; judicial reasoning and doctrinal interpretation; and federalism and asymmetric constitutional architecture are the three main points that the article revolves around. According to the findings, federalism is still a constitutional ideal in India, but in practice, the country is moving toward more centralization. Federal expectations based on consent and negotiated autonomy are not given much doctrinal weight by the judiciary, who instead place a premium on constitutional language and procedural legitimacy. Constitutional morality, according to the study's normative findings, requires more institutional restraint, explanation, and openness in situations requiring massive government reorganization. Article 370's repeal, the study argues, is a c…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Article 370, Indian federalism, constitutional interpretation, constitutional morality, centre–state relations.
  topic: keywords
creator: Omvir Singh
creator: Dr. Neelam Sihag
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-30
publication date: 2026-03-30
starting page: 95
ending page: 102
doi: 10.61778/ijmrast.v4i3.251

Chamundeshwari and the Rule of Law: Mythology as a Framework for Modern Legal Justice in Karnataka
type: item
description: This research article explores the myth of Chamundeshwari as a foundational framework for understanding the Rule of Law and modern legal justice in Karnataka. Rooted in Karnataka's rich cultural heritage, the Chamundeshwari narrative symbolizes the triumph of law over tyranny and reflects key constitutional principles, such as equality before the law and accountability. The study examines the intersection of mythology and legal theory, highlighting Chamundeshwari's victory over Mahishasura as an allegory for the upholding of justice and the combating of corruption and lawlessness. Furthermore, the research examines the gender justice implications of Chamundeshwari's feminine power, linking it to India's legal provisions on gender equality and feminist jurisprudence. By interpreting the myth through the lens of governance and judicial accountability, the article underscores the importance of transparent and ethical legal institutions, drawing parallels to Karnataka's Lokayukta and anti-corruption laws. The analysis also addresses moral reasoning in legal interpretation, illustrating how ancient narratives inspire creative jurisprudential approaches to complex societal issues. Ultimately, this article argues that integrating Chamundeshwari's cultural and mythological legacy enriches contemporary legal discourse, offering valuable insights into the pursuit of sustainable justice in Karnataka and beyond.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Chamundeshwari, Rule of Law, Legal Justice, Governance, Gender Justice
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Manindra Singh Hanspal
creator: Sudarshan S
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-30
publication date: 2026-03-30
starting page: 86
ending page: 94
doi: 10.61778/ijmrast.v4i3.248

FROM COLONIAL PENAL CODE TO INDIGENOUS CRIMINAL JUSTICE: A DOCTRINAL REVIEW OF SUBSTANTIVE OFFENCES UNDER THE INDIAN PENAL CODE, 1860 AND THE BHARATIYA NYAYA SANHITA, 2023
type: item
description: This paper explores how India’s criminal law has changed by comparing and contrasting the Indian Penal Code of 1860 to the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita of 2023 from a doctrinal perspective. The colonial countries in India codified crime and determined the government operated by creating a way to regulate how people were treated by putting them into categories, which resulted in the Indian Penal Code. After the independence of India, the Indian Penal Code remained in force; however, its original intended purpose was further extended through judicial interpretation that brought it into compliance with the provisions of the Indian Constitution. The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), intended to provide a new criminal code based on indigenous ideas, constitutional values, and social equality, seeks to be a true substitute for the colonial model that had long dominated in India. The research uses only secondary material such as statutes and legislative history, case law, and publicly available scholarly writings about law to reach the doctrinal conclusions and comparative legal analysis. The research examines the IPC by looking at how it has been affected by its colonial background and by examining its criminal philosophy, and how the BNS has reoriented the IPC's criminal law, and it then conducts a comparative analysis that identifies the changes that have occurred and the continuities from the IPC to the BNS. The legislation has been changed, some of the sections that did not need to be included have been eliminated, and the new legislation uses language that is focused on achieving justice rather than punitive measures. Although there have been some amendments, the new legislation retains the basic structure of the Indian Penal Code to a great degree, according to the research. The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita is not an overall overhaul of criminal law as much as it is an updated set of existing criminal laws created by codifying, or compiling, existing criminal laws with some refo…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Indian Penal Code, Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, substantive criminal law, constitutional morality, criminal jurisprudence
  topic: keywords
creator: Anupam Bajpai
creator: Dr. Neelam Sihag
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-30
publication date: 2026-03-30
starting page: 78
ending page: 85
doi: 10.61778/ijmrast.v4i3.249

विवेकी राय के उपन्यासों में सामन्ती जीवन मूल्यों के वर्चस्व का अध्ययन
type: item
description: विवेकी राय ग्रामीण सामाजिक और वैचारिक परिस्थितियों को उजागर करने वाले कथाकार कहे जाते हैं। इनके उपन्यासों में सामन्ती जीवन मूल्यों का वर्चस्व दिखाई देता है जिसमें समाज के उच्च, जमींदार या कुलीन वर्ग की विचारधारा, संस्कृति और परम्पराएँ, बाकी समाज पर अपना दबदबा बनाए रखती हैं। इसमें वफ़ादारी, पदानुक्रम, जातिवाद और परम्पराओं का पालन अनिवार्य माना जाता है, जिससे निचला वर्ग शोषित रहता है । यह एक सांस्कृतिक वर्चस्व है जो समानता के बजाय दासता और प्रदेश विशेष की सामाजिक स्थिति को अभिव्यक्त करता है। जीवन के समग्र चित्रण को लेखक परिवेश की सच्चाई को बड़ी बारीकी से समझते हैं चाहे वह सामाजिक, आर्थिक, राजनीतिक, धार्मिक तथा गरीबी किसी भी तरह की समस्या हो सभी को नजदीक से चिंतन करते हैं । इनके उपन्यास बबूल, पुरुष पुराण, लोकऋण, श्वेतपत्र, सोनामाटी, समर शेष है, नमामि ग्रामम्, मंगल भवन, अमंगलहारी आदि हैं। जिसमें राजनीतिक धोखाधड़ी, बेइमानी, तिकड़मी खेल, कब्जा, क्रूरता, आदि हथकंडे अपनाकर कृषकों एवं साधारण जनों का खुले आम शोषण करते रहे।
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: सामन्ती जीवन मूल्य
  topic: keywords
subject: वर्चस्व
  topic: keywords
subject: पदानुक्रम
  topic: keywords
subject: जातिवाद
  topic: keywords
subject: दासता
  topic: keywords
subject: सामाजिक
  topic: keywords
subject: आर्थिक
  topic: keywords
subject: राजनीतिक
  topic: keywords
subject: धार्मिक
  topic: keywords
subject: गरीबी
  topic: keywords
creator: डॉ. वर्षा रानी
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-30
publication date: 2026-03-30
starting page: 123
ending page: 126
doi: 10.61778/ijmrast.v4i3.252

प्राचीन भारत में गणराज्य
type: item
description: प्राचीन भारत में गणराज्यों को गण या संघ के नाम से जाना जाता था। गण शब्द का उल्लेख ऋग्वेद में 46 बार तथा अथर्ववेद में 09 बार आता है। जे0पी0 शर्मा महोदय का विचार हैं कि कुछ जनों में गणराज्यात्मक व्यवस्था भी प्रचलित थी। राजतंत्र में राज्य का अध्यक्ष राजा होता था, जबकि गणतंत्र में राज्यों का शासन न होकर गण अथवा संघ द्वारा होता था। वहीं गणतंत्र का संचालन अल्पतांत्रिक सभाएं करती थी। न कि कोई एक व्यक्ति/ राजतंत्र में प्रजा से राजस्व पाने का एकमात्र दावेदार राजा होता था, यहाँ एक नियमित एवं केन्द्रीकृत सेना होती थी। जबकि गणतंत्र में राजा अपनी-अपनी छोटी सेना रखता था। राजतंत्र में ब्राह्मणों का प्रशासन छोटी सेना रखता था। राजतंत्र में ब्राह्मणों का प्रशासन पर प्रभाव दृष्टिगोचर होता है। गणतंत्र में ऐसा नहीं था।
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: गणतंत्रगण, राजतंत्र, गणराज्य समिति, संस्थागार, आसनपन्नायक, अताकुलक, मन्त्रिपरिषद, पवेनिपोट्ठक, नगरगुत्तिक।
  topic: keywords
creator: फूलचन्द
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-23
publication date: 2026-03-23
starting page: 54
ending page: 56
doi: 10.61778/ijmrast.v4i3.250

Teachers’ Perception towards Formative Assessment Practices at the Secondary Level in Mayurbhanj District: An Empirical Study
type: item
description: Background: Formative assessment plays an important role in improving teaching–learning processes by providing continuous feedback and supporting students’ learning progress. Understanding teachers’ perceptions toward formative assessment practices is essential for effective implementation in classrooms. Objective: The present study aimed to examine teachers’ perceptions toward formative assessment practices at the secondary level in Mayurbhanj district and to identify challenges faced by teachers in implementing formative assessment. Methodology: A descriptive survey method was adopted for the study. The sample consisted of 100 secondary school teachers selected from 10 secondary schools of Baripada block in Mayurbhanj district using a simple random sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire consisting of 25 items based on a five-point Likert scale. The collected data were analyzed using percentage analysis. Results: The findings revealed that most teachers hold positive perceptions toward formative assessment practices. Teachers reported regularly analyzing student performance, providing feedback, conducting pre-assessments, and adapting instructional strategies based on assessment results. Teachers also emphasized student participation in learning through questioning, reflection, and peer feedback. However, some teachers indicated challenges such as time constraints and the continued influence of traditional assessment practices. Conclusion: The study concludes that formative assessment is widely recognized by teachers as an effective strategy for improving student learning and instructional practices. Strengthening teachers’ professional development and providing institutional support can further enhance the implementation of formative assessment in secondary schools.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Formative assessment
  topic: keywords
subject: teachers’ perception
  topic: keywords
subject: secondary education
  topic: keywords
subject: assessment practices
  topic: keywords
subject: student learning
  topic: keywords
creator: Bikram Tikader
creator: Nishivijita Nayak
creator: Amulya Kumar Acharya
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-28
publication date: 2026-03-28
starting page: 57
ending page: 77
doi: 10.61778/ijmrast.v4i3.247

Effects of Domestic Violence on Trust, Emotional Regulation, and Commitment in Subsequent Romantic Relationships
type: item
description: Domestic violence (DV) is the event that has a significant psychological impact that goes past the sense of being abused and has an immeasurable effect on future romantic relationships. The current research investigated the impact of domestic violence on the trust, emotional regulation, and commitment among adults in the range of 20 40 years of age. The quantitative cross-sectional design was used with a sample of 100 respondents who had gone through abusive relationships in the past. The Revised Life Orientation Test (LOT-R), Gratitude Questionnaire (GQ-6), Recovery Assessment Scale (RAS-24), and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and Investment Model Commitment Scale were assessed via online survey. The findings showed that the severity of domestic violence was correlated with reduced trust and commitment and increased emotional dysregulation. Recovery was found to be a significant protective element whereas gratitude and optimism came out as moderate buffering variables. The results not only indicate the trauma carryover effect on romantic functioning but also indicate the importance of psychological strengths on relational healing. The paper highlights the necessity of using the trauma-informed and strength-based forms of therapy to enhance the outcome of romantic relationships between the victims of domestic violence.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Domestic Violence, Trust, Emotional Regulation, Commitment, Recovery, Gratitude, Optimism, Romantic Relationships
  topic: keywords
creator: Maniya
creator: Sanjeev Kumar Gautam
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-23
publication date: 2026-03-23
starting page: 36
ending page: 53
doi: 10.61778/ijmrast.v4i3.246

Effect of Optimism and Gratitude Practices on Emotional Recovery After a Medical Crisis amongst adolescents
type: item
description: Adolescence is a very critical stage in developmental stage because it is characterized by an increased emotional sensitivity, identity formation and susceptibility to stress. A medical crisis, a hospital admission, a long-term disease, or surgery or traumas during this time can greatly interfere with the psychological health and emotional stability. The current article discussed the influence of optimism and gratitude on emotional healing among adolescents who suffered a medical crisis in the last one year. The research design used was a quantitative, correlational research that used a sample of 100 adolescents who are 13-19 years of age and selected using purposive sampling. The Recovery Assessment Scale (RAS-24), gratitude (Gratitude Questionnaire (GQ-6), and optimism (Revised Life Orientation Test (LOT-R)) were used to measure emotional recovery, gratitude, and optimism respectively. However, SPSS was used to analyze descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis. Findings had shown strong positive relationships between optimism, gratitude, and emotional recovery. The regression analysis indicated that both optimism and gratitude were significant predictors of the emotional recovery, with optimism being the more significant one. The results indicate that positive cognitive orientation and gratitude disposition are positive psychological aspects that promote resilience and recovery after a medical disaster. The article shows the significance of incorporating positive psychology programs in the medical and educational context of adolescents to facilitate comprehensive healing and permanent psychological resilience.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Adolescents, Emotional Recovery, Optimism, Gratitude, Medical Crisis
  topic: keywords
creator: Tanya Dhama
creator: Sanjeev Kumar Gautam
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-23
publication date: 2026-03-23
starting page: 17
ending page: 35
doi: 10.61778/ijmrast.v4i3.245

महाविद्यालयीय वातावरण के आधार पर शिक्षण प्रशिक्षुओं की शैक्षिक उपलब्धि एवं समायोजन का तुलनात्मक अध्ययन
type: item
description: यह शोध पत्र इस बात का व्यापक तुलनात्मक विश्लेषण प्रस्तुत करता है कि विभिन्न महाविद्यालयीय वातावरण शिक्षण प्रशिक्षुओं की शैक्षिक उपलब्धि एवं समायोजन क्षमता को किस प्रकार प्रभावित करते हैं। इस अध्ययन में तीन विभिन्न महाविद्यालयीय वातावरणों — नगरीय (Urban), ग्रामीण (Rural) और अर्ध-नगरीय (Semi-Urban) — से कुल 300 शिक्षण प्रशिक्षुओं का विश्लेषण किया गया। शोध में मानकीकृत मूल्यांकन उपकरणों और सांख्यिकीय विश्लेषण का उपयोग करके यह अध्ययन किया गया कि विभिन्न पर्यावरणीय कारक शैक्षिक प्रदर्शन एवं छात्र समायोजन — जिसमें सामाजिक, भावनात्मक और शैक्षणिक अनुकूलन सम्मिलित हैं — को कैसे प्रभावित करते हैं। शोध से प्रमाणित हुआ कि विभिन्न महाविद्यालयीय वातावरण भिन्न-भिन्न परिणाम उत्पन्न करते हैं, जिसमें अर्ध-नगरीय महाविद्यालयों ने बेहतर शैक्षिक प्रदर्शन और छात्र समायोजन अंक प्राप्त किए। अध्ययन में उद्देश्यमूलक प्रतिदर्श के साथ मात्रात्मक शोध प्रारूप का उपयोग किया गया तथा सम्बन्धों की जाँच हेतु ANOVA एवं सहसंबंध विश्लेषण का प्रयोग किया गया। परिणाम दर्शाते हैं कि महाविद्यालयीय वातावरण — जिसमें अवसंरचना, संसाधन और सामुदायिक एकीकरण शामिल हैं — शिक्षण प्रशिक्षुओं की सफलता निर्धारित करने वाले प्रमुख कारक हैं।
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: शिक्षण प्रशिक्षु, अर्ध-नगरीय महाविद्यालय, सामाजिक एवं भावनात्मक समायोजन, शैक्षिक उपलब्धि, महाविद्यालयीय वातावरण, ANOVA, B.Ed., तुलनात्मक अध्ययन.
  topic: keywords
creator: अनीता
creator: डॉ पवन कुमार शर्मा
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-10-31
publication date: 2025-10-31
starting page: 78
ending page: 89
doi: 10.61778/ijmrast.v3i10.183

माध्यमिक विद्यालयों के शिक्षकों के व्यक्तिगत मूल्यों का शैक्षिक दृष्टिकोण पर प्रभाव का अध्ययन
type: item
description: शिक्षा की गुणवत्ता मुख्यतः शिक्षक के व्यक्तित्व, मूल्यों तथा उसके शैक्षिक दृष्टिकोण पर निर्भर करती है। शिक्षक के व्यक्तिगत मूल्य जैसे ईमानदारी, अनुशासन, सहयोग, जिम्मेदारी और सहानुभूति उसके शिक्षण व्यवहार तथा विद्यार्थियों के प्रति दृष्टिकोण को प्रभावित करते हैं। अध्ययन के निष्कर्ष से ज्ञात हुआ कि अधिकांश शिक्षकों के व्यक्तिगत मूल्य सकारात्मक पाए गए तथा उनका शैक्षिक दृष्टिकोण भी सकारात्मक था। साथ ही शिक्षकों के व्यक्तिगत मूल्यों और शैक्षिक दृष्टिकोण के मध्य सकारात्मक एवं महत्वपूर्ण संबंध पाया गया। जिन शिक्षकों में सकारात्मक व्यक्तिगत मूल्य अधिक थे, उनका शैक्षिक दृष्टिकोण भी अधिक सकारात्मक पाया गया। अतः निष्कर्षतः कहा जा सकता है कि शिक्षकों के व्यक्तिगत मूल्य उनके शैक्षिक दृष्टिकोण को प्रभावित करते हैं और यह विद्यार्थियों के शैक्षिक तथा व्यक्तित्व विकास में महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाते हैं। इसलिए शिक्षक शिक्षा कार्यक्रमों में व्यक्तिगत मूल्यों के विकास पर विशेष ध्यान देना आवश्यक है।
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: व्यक्तिगत मूल्य, शैक्षिक दृष्टिकोण, माध्यमिक विद्यालय, शिक्षक, शिक्षा।
  topic: keywords
creator: संध्या
creator: डॉ0 राम रहीस
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-09-30
publication date: 2025-09-30
starting page: 63
ending page: 68
doi: 10.61778/ijmrast.v3i9.184

Challenging Patriarchal Misogyny: A Feminist Analysis of the Selected Works of Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie and Jamaica Kincaid
type: item
description: The research paper conducts a comparative feminist literary analysis which studies selected works of Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie and Jamaica Kincaid to show how both authors use their cultural and postcolonial backgrounds to fight against patriarchal misogyny. The paper shows how both writers use displacement and voice and resistance as literary techniques to make female subjectivity the main focus of their stories from its previous position as a secondary element. The paper analyzes domestic violence and colonial legacy and sexual politics and maternal ambivalence and self-determination through postcolonial feminist theory and intersectionality and gender studies. The analysis shows that Adichie and Kincaid belong to separate geographic and cultural backgrounds because they come from Nigeria and Antigua but their fictional and essay works both work to decolonize gender norms while they show new ways for women to exercise power that goes beyond patriarchal restrictions.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Patriarchal Misogyny, female agency, African literature, feminist theory.
  topic: keywords
creator: Roshan Kumar Das
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-13
publication date: 2026-03-13
starting page: 11
ending page: 16
doi: 10.61778/ijmrast.v4i3.240

Challenges of Hindi-Medium Education in Private Schools
type: item
description: Language is very important in school, and teaching in the student's first language helps them understand, participate, and learn better. Hindi is widely spoken in India, but English is often the language of instruction. The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 says that mother tongue or regional languages, like Hindi, should be used, especially in primary school. This study looks at the needs and problems that teachers face when using Hindi as a language of instruction. We used a descriptive mixed-method design with 80 teachers from private schools who were chosen on purpose. We used a structured questionnaire with both closed and open-ended questions to gather data. Some of the biggest problems are a lack of trained teachers (86.66%), poor infrastructure (90%), a lack of good materials (60%), a lack of digital content (76%), parents' preference for English (93.66%), low student confidence (73.66%), translation problems (70%), a lack of job opportunities (76.66%), and problems teaching STEM subjects in Hindi (63.33%). The study stresses the importance of training teachers, providing high-quality resources, making parents aware, and using the same terms. Under NEP 2020, promoting Hindi-medium instruction helps with fairness, inclusion, and good learning.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: NEP 2020, Hindi-medium instruction, mother-tongue education, teacher perspectives, and language problems
  topic: keywords
creator: M.K. Vijayaraghavan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-02-28
publication date: 2026-02-28
starting page: 53
ending page: 58
doi: 10.61778/ijmrast.v4i2.229

Assessment of Nonylphenol-Induced Endocrine Disruption in Carp (Cyprinidae): Biochemical, Histopathological and Molecular Investigations
type: item
description: Nonylphenol (NP) exists as a worldwide Xeno estrogenic pollutant which emerges from the breakdown of non-ionic surfactants and presents significant ecological dangers to freshwater habitats. The study examined how NP disrupts hormone systems in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) after testing three different environmental exposure durations which used three different test concentrations (5, 25, and 100 µg/L). The study used biochemical methods to show that hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities experienced significant disruptions while the study measured lipid peroxidation levels. The histopathological analysis of gonadal, hepatic, and renal tissues revealed concentration-dependent degeneration which included intersex conditions and hepatocyte vacuolation and glomerular damage. The molecular research detected male specimens who showed increased vitellogenin (VTG) mRNA expression at 100 µg/L up to 34 times. The research findings show multiple mechanistic pathways through which NP functions as an endocrine disruptor in cyprinid fish which will affect surfactant metabolites risk assessment methods used in freshwater environments.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Nonylphenol, Ecological, Polyethoxylate, Biochemical, Lipid Peroxidation
  topic: keywords
creator: Gargi Singh
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-08
publication date: 2026-03-08
starting page: 01
ending page: 10
doi: 10.61778/ijmrast.v4i3.237

Spatio-temporal Changes of Land Use Land Cover in Bolpur Municipality: A Study in Urban Geography
type: item
description: This research aims to explore the changes that have occurred in the landscape of Bolpur Municipality regions because of rapid urbanization, population growth, and development in the period from 1950 to 2025. By using the combination of Remote Sensing and GIS, it analyzed the changes in the land use of the region by satellite images taken at various times. The results show that there is a trend – in the past thirty years, a large area of agricultural land and forests has been transformed into residential and developed land. The only category of land use that is truly increasing is land under buildings, but this is at the cost of agricultural land and natural beauty. The growth is driven by the development of infrastructure that is a result of policies aimed at economic freedom, the development of the tourism and education sectors (which is associated with Santiniketan), and the consequent movement of people into the area from the surrounding rural areas. The study indicates that to reduce the negative effects of the changes in the use of land and achieve balanced development in the future, it is important to have proper urban planning that is centered on environmental sustainability.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Rapid urbanization, Land use, Satellite images, Development, Urban planning.
  topic: keywords
creator: Prasanna Banerjee
creator: Dr. Jagannath Mondal
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-02-28
publication date: 2026-02-28
starting page: 21
ending page: 30
doi: 10.61778/ijmrast.v4i2.232

Diversity and Seasonal Fluctuation of Phytoplankton in Kot Dam, Jhunjhunu District, Rajasthan
type: item
description: Plankton communities serve as sensitive bioindicators of freshwater ecosystem health. The present study evaluates the phytoplankton diversity, composition, and seasonal dynamics of Kot Dam, Rajasthan, over two consecutive years (2021–22 and 2022–23). Quantitative analysis revealed the presence of six major phytoplankton classes, with Chlorophyceae and Bacillariophyceae collectively contributing over 60% of the total population. Seasonal trends indicated winter dominance of green algae and diatoms, summer proliferation of cyanobacteria, and monsoonal decline across all groups due to dilution and turbidity effects. Inter-annual comparison showed overall stability in total phytoplankton density, although a notable increase in Myxophyceae during the second year suggests rising nutrient enrichment and early eutrophication signals. Graphical tools and comparative analysis confirmed consistent community structure with emerging ecological stress. The study highlights the effectiveness of plankton-based assessment for monitoring reservoir health in semi-arid regions.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Raghu Raj Singodia
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-02-28
publication date: 2026-02-28
starting page: 40
ending page: 44
doi: 10.61778/ijmrast.v4i2.234

ਜਰਨੈਲ ਸਿੰਘ ਦੀ ਸਵੈ-ਜੀਵਨੀ: ਜੀਵਨ ਸੰਘਰਸ਼ ਦੀ ਬਹੁ-ਪਰਤੀ ਗਾਥਾ
type: item
description: ਸਵੈ-ਜੀਵਨੀ ਰਚਨਾ ਦਾ ਉਦੇਸ਼ ਸਮਾਜਿਕ ਵੀ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ। ਇਸ ਵਿਧਾ ਰਾਹੀਂ ਸਵੈ-ਜੀਵਨੀਕਾਰ ਆਪਣੀ ਜੀਵਨ-ਯਾਤਰਾ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤ ਅਨੁਭਵ ਤੇ ਤਜਰਬਿਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਦੂਸਰਿਆਂ ਨਾਲ ਸਾਂਝਾ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ। ਮਨੁੱਖ ਜਾਤੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਹਰ ਮਨੁੱਖ ਦੂਸਰੇ ਤੋਂ ਅਲੱਗ ਹੈ, ਭਿੰਨ ਹੈ। ਹਰੇਕ ਮਨੁੱਖ ਦਾ ਆਪਣਾ ਵੱਖਰਾ ਜੀਵਨ-ਅਨੁਭਵ, ਦ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਟੀਕੋਣ ਤੇ ਪ੍ਰਸਥਿਤੀਆਂ ਹਨ। ਇਸੇ ਲਈ ਹਰੇਕ ਦੀ ਜੀਵਨ ਗਾਥਾ ਵੀ ਦੂਸਰਿਆਂ ਨਾਲੋਂ ਵਿਲੱਖਣ ਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ। ਸਵੈ-ਜੀਵਨੀ ਉਹ ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ ਸਾਹਿਤਕ ਵਿਧਾ ਹੈ ਜਿਸ ਰਾਹੀਂ ਉਹ ਆਪਣੀ ਇਸ ਦਾਸਤਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਸਭ ਨਾਲ ਸਾਂਝਿਆ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ। ਇਸ ਦੇ ਮਾਧਿਅਮ ਰਾਹੀਂ ਹੀ ਕਿਸੇ ਮਨੁੱਖ ਦੇ ਜੀਵਨ ਸੰਘਰਸ਼ ਨੂੰ ਸਮਝਿਆ/ਜਾਣਿਆ ਜਾ ਸਕਦਾ ਹੈ। ਤੇ ਅਜੋਕੇ ਯੁੱਗ ਵਿੱਚ ਮਨੁੱਖ ਹੁਣ ਬੀਤੇ ਸਮੇਂ ਦੀ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਨਾਇਕ ਵਜੋਂ ਨਹੀਂ ਬਲਕਿ ਮੁੱਖ ਪਾਤਰ ਦੇ ਤੌਰ' ਤੇ ਸਵੈ-ਜੀਵਨੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਵਿਚਰਦਾ ਹੈ। ਆਮ ਸਧਾਰਨ ਮਨੁੱਖ ਦੀ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਹੀ ਜੀਵਨ ਸੰਘਰਸ਼ ਕਰਦਿਆਂ ਵਿਭਿੰਨ ਪ੍ਰਸਥਿਤੀਆਂ ਦਾ ਸਾਹਮਣਾ ਕਰਦਿਆਂ, ਆਪਣੇ ਗੁਣਾਂ, ਕਮਜ਼ੋਰੀਆਂ, ਸੰਭਾਵਨਾਵਾਂ ਸਮੇਤ ਸਾਡੇ ਸਨਮੁੱਖ ਪੇਸ਼ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ।
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: ਮਾਨਵਵਾਦ, ਚਿੰਤਨ,ਚੇਤਨਾ-ਪ੍ਰਵਾਹ, ਦੁਖਾਂਤ, ਵਿਸ਼ਲੇਸ਼ਣ, ਨਾਰਸਿਸਟ, ਸੰਵੇਦਨਾ, ਬਿਰਤਾਂਤ.
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Akal Amrit Kaur
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-02-28
publication date: 2026-02-28
starting page: 15
ending page: 20
doi: 10.61778/ijmrast.v4i2.233

National Credit Framework (NCrF) 2023: A Transformative Approach for Integrating Academic, Vocational, and Experiential Learning in India
type: item
description: The National Credit Framework (NCrF) 2023 is a major systemic reform aimed at unifying academic, vocational, and experiential learning in India, in line with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020. Researchers have conducted limited rigorous analysis of its structural coherence and operational viability despite its policy significance. This study critically examines the NCrF's architecture, functional mechanisms, and ecosystem implications, focusing on credit mobility, learner flexibility, and lifelong learning. The study uses a qualitative descriptive-analytical design and draws on authoritative policy documents such as the NCrF 2023, NEP 2020, Academic Bank of Credits (ABC) guidelines, NSQF documents, and regulatory notifications from the UGC, AICTE, NCVET, and the Ministry of Education. Data were analyzed using thematic content analysis to map structural provisions, operational pathways, and expected systemic outcomes. The findings show that the NCrF establishes a coherent unified credit architecture based on standardized notional learning hours, ABC-enabled digital portability, Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL), and Multiple Entry-Multiple Exit provisions. These mechanisms have a high potential to improve vertical and horizontal credit mobility, enable personalized and flexible learning trajectories, and institutionalize lifelong learning pathways across the education-skill continuum. The framework improves labor market alignment through competency-based signalling and micro-credential integration. However, the study identifies key implementation risks such as institutional readiness gaps, disparities in digital infrastructure, administrative complexity, and uneven stakeholder awareness. The study concludes that the NCrF 2023 has the potential to create a seamless, learner-centric, and competency-driven ecosystem in India, provided that it is implemented with strong digital infrastructure, uniform standard operating procedures, inter-regulatory coordination,…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: National Credit Framework, Academic Bank of Credits, Credit mobility, learner flexibility, lifelong learning, NEP 2020
  topic: keywords
creator: Sankar Bairagi
creator: Prof. Raj Sharan Shahi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-02-28
publication date: 2026-02-28
starting page: 45
ending page: 52
doi: 10.61778/ijmrast.v4i2.230

CONCEPTUAL UNDERPINNINGS OF INHERITANCE LAW: A DOCTRINAL REVIEW OF THE INDIAN SUCCESSION ACT, 1925
type: item
description: The Indian Succession Act, 1925 (ISA) is a comprehensive legislation governing inheritance (succession) in India for persons not covered by separate personal laws. Enacted during British colonial rule, the ISA consolidates earlier laws and provides rules for intestate succession (when a person dies without a will) and testamentary succession (when a person leaves behind a valid will)​. It serves as the primary inheritance law for Indian Christians, Parsis, Jews, and others, while Hindus, Buddhists, Sikhs, and Jains have their own codified law (the Hindu Succession Act, 1956) and Muslims are governed by Muslim personal law (Shariat) for inheritance. The Act’s applicability is thus determined largely by the religion or community of the deceased, making it a key piece of legislation in India’s plural legal system​. This report provides a historical background of the ISA, defines key terms, explains in detail the Act’s provisions on intestate and testamentary succession, examines its applicability across religious communities, and outlines major amendments that have shaped the inheritance law under the Act.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Intestate succession, testamentary succession, will, probate, personal laws.
  topic: keywords
creator: Mr. Ashish Shahi
creator: Prof. (Dr.) Surendra Pratap Singh
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-10-31
publication date: 2025-10-31
starting page: 59
ending page: 77
doi: 10.61778/ijmrast.v3i10.187

Parental Phubbing and its Effects on Adolescents: A Critical Analysis
type: item
description: Parental phubbing is the act of parents using smartphones while neglecting their children. Previous studies consistently find that higher parental phubbing is linked to an increase in problem behaviors among adolescents- both internal (anxiety, depression, lower self-esteem) and external (aggression, addiction, conduct issues), and leads to reduced self-concept and social-emotional competence. Therefore, the present study focused on the impact of parental phubbing on adolescents’ wellbeing. Researcher used both theoretical and empirical evidences to examine the study. The findings reveal that parental phubbing is an emerging threat in our technologically advanced society affecting the adolescents and is expressed as certain psychological problems, some of it happen within one self, whereas some other problems are outwardly expressed.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Parental phubbing, mental health, anxiety, problematic smartphone use
  topic: keywords
creator: Aparna Saikia
creator: Dr. Remith George Carri
creator: Momi Gogoi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-02-17
publication date: 2026-02-17
starting page: 07
ending page: 14
doi: 10.61778/ijmrast.v4i2.226

Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Assessment of Andrographis paniculata in the Allium cepa Test
type: item
description: Andrographis paniculata (Kalmegh) is a medicinal herb widely used in traditional Indian and Chinese systems of medicine. The major bioactive compound, andrographolide, possesses anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antimicrobial, and immunomodulatory properties. Despite its therapeutic significance, evaluation of its cytotoxic and genotoxic potential is essential to ensure safety. The present study aimed to assess the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of leaf extracts of A. paniculata using the Allium cepa assay. Methanol, cold water, and hot water extracts (50% and 100%) were tested. Parameters evaluated included root induction, root length, mitotic index (MI), mitotic inhibition, and chromosomal aberrations. Results indicated no significant inhibition of root growth or mitotic activity. Mild mitotic inhibition (2.31–3.90%) was observed but was not concentration dependent. Sticky chromosomes at metaphase were the only chromosomal aberration detected. The findings suggest that A. paniculata extracts exhibit no significant cytotoxic or mitodepressive effects in the plant test system, although mild genotoxic stress was observed. Further studies using animal models are recommended to confirm genetic safety.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Andrographis paniculata, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, Allium cepa, mitotic index, chromosomal aberration
  topic: keywords
creator: Agu Pertin
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-02-16
publication date: 2026-02-16
starting page: 01
ending page: 06
doi: 10.61778/ijmrast.v4i2.227

Cultural Sovereignty at the Margins: Indigenous Knowledge Systems in the Geo-Political Context of Arunachal Pradesh
type: item
description: The paper explores the role of Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) in the surrounding communities of Arunachal Pradesh, India, in expressing cultural sovereignty and its capacity to operate in the wider geopolitical context. Arunachal Pradesh, with its north eastern frontier with India, and sharing a lengthy international position with China, Bhutan, and Myanmar, is a very sensitive area that is characterized by a collision of culture, identity, and security. In this context, native healing practices, ecological literacy and spirituality are not just local sources of health, but are also strong identifiers of cultural identity, survival, and political presence. It is centuries of experience involving these knowledge systems with brittle Himalayan ecologies that provide comprehensive ways of approaching wellbeing that consider physical, spiritual, and environmental aspects of health. Based on ethnobotanical literature, anthropological literature and policy-focused literature, the research focuses on three related aspects, namely how the indigenous systems of healing contribute to the community wellbeing and strengthening intergenerational transmission of knowledge, how vulnerable these systems are to acculturation, religious conversion, modernization, and governance issues, and what the study implications have on state strategy, cultural sovereignty, and social cohesion in borderland areas. The qualitative synthesis approach adopted in the paper will examine the role of indigenous epistemologies in advancing local resilience and a sense of belonging and continuity in geopolitically disputed spaces. The study posits indigenous knowledge to be a type of cultural capital and soft power by placing IKS in a geopolitical context, which enhances the stability of the borderlands. It points out that the protection of these systems is not just a question of cultural protection or healthcare sustainability, but also a strategic need to have inclusive governance and national inte…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Arunachal Pradesh, Borderland Communities, Community Resilience, Cultural Sovereignty, Geopolitics, Indigenous Knowledge Systems, Traditional Healing Practices
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Ravi Ranjan Kumar
creator: Dr. Monika Sharma
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-01-30
publication date: 2026-01-30
starting page: 55
ending page: 69
doi: 10.61778//ijmrast.v4i1.224

गौहत्या प्रतिबंध कानून - भारतीय राजनीति के संदर्भ में
type: item
description: भारत में गोहत्या पर प्रतिबंध एक ऐसा मुद्दा है जो हमारे देश के धर्मनिरपेक्ष और लोकतांत्रिक मूल्यों के लिए एक जटिल समस्या है। यह केवल एक विधिक विषय नहीं है, बल्कि यह धार्मिक आस्था, सांस्कृतिक संवेदनशीलता, कृषि-आधारित अर्थव्यवस्था और राजनीतिक विमर्श से गहराई से जुड़ा हुआ प्रश्न है। गौहत्या भारतीय संविधान के अनुच्छेद 48 के तहत राज्यों को गौवंश संरक्षण के लिए कानून संबंधी एक मार्गदर्शन प्रदान करता है, जिसके परिणामस्वरूप अधिकांश राज्यों ने गाय एवं उसके बछड़े की हत्या पर पूर्ण प्रतिबंध और बैल व भैंस पर आंशिक अथवा पूर्ण नियंत्रण लागू किया है। यह अध्ययन दर्शाता है कि भारतीय विधिक व्यवस्था में गौहत्या निषेध का प्रावधान गंभीर सजा और जुमार्ने के कारण से भले ही सुदृढ़ है, परंतु इसका क्रियान्वयन असमान, अधूरा और अनेक चुनौतियों से घिरा हुआ है। जब इस व्यवस्था को जमीनी स्तर पर देखा जाता है, तो स्पष्ट होता है कि कानून और व्यवहार के बीच गहरी खाई मौजूद है। अवैध परिवहन, सीमापार तस्करी, अवैध बूचड़खाने और फॉरेंसिक जाँच की कमी जैसे पहलू दर्शाते हैं कि कठोर प्रावधानों के बावजूद तस्करी और अवैध वध की घटनाएँ निरंतर घटित होती रही हैं। कानून और जमीनी हकीकत के इस अंतर को समझना आवश्यक है ताकि एक ओर धार्मिक-सांस्कृतिक संवेदनशीलता का सम्मान हो और दूसरी ओर व्यावहारिक, मानवीय और वैज्ञानिक दृष्टिकोण से नीतिगत समाधान विकसित किए जा सकें। उत्तर प्रदेश, बिहार, महाराष्ट्र और पश्चिम बंगाल के हालिया मामलों से यह तथ्य पुष्ट होता है कि प्रतिबंधों के बावजूद एफआईआर और जब्त किया गया मांस इस समस्या की व्यापकता को उजागर करता है। साथ ही कानून का राजनीतिक और सांप्रदायिक उपयोग भी सामाजिक तनाव को बढ़ा देता है। अदालती फैसलों के बावजूद, ये कानून अपनी मंशा में सफल नहीं हो पाए हैं। परिणाम यह है कि कानूनी सख्ती के बावजूद, भीड़ की हिंसा ने कानून के शासन को सीधे चुनौती दी है। जब तक कानून आर्थिक वास्तविकताओं को स्वीकार नहीं करते और कानून प्रवर्तन अधिक निष्पक्ष नहीं होता, तब तक यह राष्ट्रीय चुनौती सुलझ नहीं सकती। इस विषय को केवल आस्था या वोट बैंक की राजनीति से नहीं, बल्कि व्यावहारिक समाधान और संवैधानिक न्याय से हल होगा।
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: गौहत्या प्रतिबंध, संवैधानिक प्रावधान (अनुच्छेद 48), गो-तस्करी, राज्य के नीति निर्देशक सिद्धांत, संविधान सभा की बहसें, लिंचिंग, सामाजिक तनाव
  topic: keywords
creator: नवनीत कुमार वर्मा
creator: साक्षी पाराशर
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
starting page: 72
ending page: 79
doi: 10.61778/ijmrast.v3i12.216

From Eudaimonia to Ātman: Human Being as the Embodiment of Innate Happiness
type: item
description: ABSTRACT Human beings are endowed with supreme infinite happiness. It is a scientific assertion that happiness is a natural state of human beings. Everyone is pursuing happiness and thinks that it can be attained, but it is already within us; it is realized through self-inquiry and inner reflection. This mirrors the Indian concept of Satchidananda—the timeless reality of Sat (Existence), Cit (Consciousness), and Ānanda (Bliss)—unveiling our ‘self’ as boundless, unified joy attained through self-inquiry and realization. Aristotle’s eudaimonic ethical theory emphasizes discovering one's genuine self and developing it in line with deeper ideals for long-term happiness and potential realization. It centers on activity-based "higher pleasures" for the greater good. Eudaimonic well-being is also connected to the Indian tradition of well-being. It will also explore the process of transforming into the best self that represents perfection and virtue in accordance with reason and contemplation—the nectar of ultimate happiness— which will also be relished. So, this paper explores the innate nature of happiness as the essence of the human being, bridging Aristotelian eudaimonia—defined as virtuous activity in accordance with reason and self-realization—with the Indic concept of ānanda, the supreme bliss of the self (Ātman).
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Happiness, True Self, Satchidānanda, Eudaimonia, Well-being, Ānanda
  topic: keywords
creator: Asish Kr. Charan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-02-28
publication date: 2026-02-28
starting page: 31
ending page: 39
doi: 10.61778/ijmrast.v4i2.223

Bhama Shah: The Great Patriot and His Contribution to Maharana Pratap’s Resistance against Mughal Imperialism
type: item
description: One of the most significant events in Indian history that can not be ignored is the resistance of Maharana Pratap against the Mughal empire. Although the courage and skill of Maharana Pratap have been the subject of extensive research, the role of Bhama Shah—his loyal minister, general, and financier—has frequently been neglected in the popular history. In this paper, the life of Bhama Shah is analyzed, his ideologically believing in Mewar's freedom is confirmed, and his numerous contributions—finance, military, and administration—are explained in the context of the long resistance of Maharana Pratap against the Mughal rule. The research also points out that the sacrifices made by Bhama Shah in terms of money and his loyalty to the king, helped the Mewar cause to become a permanently established one for independence.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Maharana Pratap, Bhama Shah, Mewar, Mughal Imperialism
  topic: keywords
creator: Chandra Ketu Singh
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-01-23
publication date: 2026-01-23
starting page: 23
ending page: 31
doi: 10.61778/ijmrast.v4i1.219